High arterial pressure or hypertension is the amount of power that blood applies to the walls of the arteries when it flows along them.If a person has high blood pressure, then the artery walls are very high.
Increased blood pressure is a very common disease, and especially in women aged 40 years.
This disease manifests very slowly.At first, a person has weakness, poor sleep and dizziness.Then comes rapid fatigue, a blood rush to the head, the fingers go numb and the small "flies" light in front of their eyes.
Reasons for developing the disease
What reasons do they contribute to the formation of hypertension?Factors have not yet been fully studied that contributes to increased blood pressure, both in children and in adults.Now the following reasons can be distinguished:
- emotional overload, stress;
- age;
- alcohol and smoking;
- sedentary lifestyle;
- consumption in large amounts of salt food, and in small liquids;
- diabetes mellitus;
- Kidney disease;
- Excess weight;
- use of some medicines (for example, blood pressure in women increases when taking contraceptive medicines);
- Inherited factors.
Symptoms
Over the past years, hypertension has been much younger.In the case of constant stress, neurosis, inactive life, smoking, this disease affects young people and even children.
For increased pressure, the symptoms are as follows:
- excessive work;
- headache;
- heart pain;
- Hypertensional crisis.
Consider in detail each of the symptoms presented.
Excess work
The first signal that you have high indicators of blood pressure is a condition that resembles excessive work or a slight cooling.The following symptoms occur:
- some irritability,
- drowsiness during the day
- Urban Disorders at night
- impossibility will concentrate
- Redness of the eyes.
Most people do not take such manifestations seriously, though completely in vain.Indeed, if the arterial pressure at rest is in adults 140/90 mm Hg.Art.and in children 120/90 mm RT.Art., And there is also a tendency for subsequent growth, we can argue for a mild form of a hypertensive disease.
All men whose age exceeds 40 years (according to statistics, developing hypertension in men is several times more often than in women), as well as people who are at risk (suffer from overweight, diabetics) are required to perform regular blood pressure measurement.
Headache
When further development of the disease is observed, hypertension, headaches of a pain, and compressive nature begin to occur.Along with this symptom, opalists can diagnose a change in eye day and the presence of atrophic processes in the retina.
The manifestations presented may indicate that there is increased intraocular pressure.Such a disorder can be a signal for serious vision diseases.
When you are at rest, blood pressure in adults is 160/100 mm Hg.Art, and in children 130/100 mm Hg.Art., Then you have to go to a cardiologist urgently and take special antihypertensive medication.Such indicators of arterial pressure are dangerous to health.
Heart pain in the heart
In combination with headaches, high -pressure patients complain of pain attacks on the left side of the chest.The pain presented can give in the left hand and break the heart rhythm.
Symptoms presented may indicate that increased blood pressure contributed to the formation of pathological changes in the coronary arteries and heart muscles.This should be included:
- Coronary heart disease,
- Angina pectoris;
- An increase in the left ventricle, accompanied by a decrease in cardiac output and the formation of heart failure.
In the case of timely therapy of increased pressure, pathological processes in the heart are reversible, but the patient should lead a healthy lifestyle and take antihypertensive drugs.
Hypertensive crisis
When in the patient, hypertension occurs in medium and severe forms (blood pressure in adults reaches 160/100 mm Hg, and in children 130/100 mm Hg), hypertension is formed.They arise due to a significant increase in pressure, in contrast to the usual one.
Symptoms of intracranial pressure
What signs have been observed in a person with high intracranial pressure?First, you need to understand that intracranial pressure is an excess or lack of cerebrospinal fluid in a particular part of the skull, formed by a violation of its circulation.
Increased symptoms of intracranial pressure in adults are as follows:
- deterioration in the side and central vision;
- Benefit of vision, "fog in the eye";
- swelling in the eyelid, face;
- noise in the ear, hearing loss;
- frequent headaches, gradually taking constant character;
- Pain attacks on top of cervical vertebra, spinal cord;
- Rapid fatigue, a sense of weakness.
Signs of intracranial pressure in children are below
- In newborn children there is an expansion of stitches, head dimensions grow faster compared to body size, elongated fontanel, the appearance of strabismus.
- In preschool children and school age, headaches are observed, strabismus, lethargy, fatigue, irritability, high sensitivity to bright lighting.
Therapy needed
High pressure treatment in both adults and children decreases to a decrease in all the factors that caused this condition:
- lowering excess weight;
- Compliance with normal daily routine, good sleep;
- Compliance with proper nutrition, reducing salt consumption;
- the optimal way of drinking;
- a ban on tobacco, alcohol;
Mandatory for the treatment of high pressure is the use of certain medicines.The appointment of the drug, its dose should only be performed by an experienced specialist and depends on the symptoms of the disease.
It is not possible to fully cure hypertension, but subject to the style of accurate life and the application of all the recipes of doctors in hypertension, well -being will improve, and it will be able to live a normal life.
Increased intraocular pressure can only be cured surgically.To maintain the patient's normal condition, he is prescribed diuretics and medicines that improve metabolic and hematopoietic processes.
Complications
According to doctors, people suffering from hypertension are more prone to atherosclerosis.Therefore, they most often have a stroke and heart attack.In the case of increased pressure, both in children and in adults, dementia can occur, as normal blood supply in the leg is disturbed.
The main problem of all the consequences is the pressure on the heart, as a result of which it must function with an increased load.With this disease, the heart is unable to withstand the increased load, so a small and large circulatory circulation is disturbed.As a result, a shortness of breath, hemoptysis, swelling of the limbs occurs.The complications presented are the cause of death.
Another dangerous consequence of hypertension is brain complications.When increased pressure is observed in a person for a long period, then domestic hemorrhages occur in retinal vessels.Such consequences lead to a violation of blood supply, which causes degeneration and retinopathy.All this contributes to the diminishing of eyesight and blindness.
Preventive
If there is an inherited hypertension, then it is necessary to constantly check your well -being and measure the pressure on time.In addition, it is necessary:
- Observe the right food,
- Reduce salt consumption,
- refuse alcohol,
- Direct an active healthy lifestyle,
- Do not undergo stressful situations.
Hypertension is a very dangerous disease.Despite the fact that the most often high pressure affects not only women after forty, this condition is characteristic of men and even children.Therefore, you do not need to think that a repeated increase in pressure is the norm.When the symptoms described above appear, you should urgently go to consult a cardiologist.